FAQ

WHAT IS SUBJECT TO?

"Subject-to" is a real estate transaction method where the buyer takes ownership of a property, and the existing loan remains in the seller's name. This means the sale is completed "subject-to" the current financing, with the buyer taking responsibility for the mortgage payments.

WHY WOULD A SELLER CONSIDER THIS?

This method benefits sellers in low-equity situations, allowing them to transfer ownership without additional funds or closing costs. Sellers can move on from the property while avoiding expenses like repairs, taxes, and utilities, potentially improving their credit score through timely mortgage payments.

HOW DOES THIS IMPACT A SELLER’S CREDIT?

Since the loan remains in the seller’s name, timely payments by the buyer positively impact the seller’s credit score, offering long-term financial benefits.

HOW CAN SELLERS VERIFY PAYMENTS?

A third-party loan servicing company is set up at closing on every one of our transactions to facilitate monthly payments and provide sellers with regular updates to ensure payments are made on time.

WHAT HAPPENS IF A PAYMENT IS MISSED?

In case of default, a pre-signed Deed in Lieu transfers the property back to the seller. Sellers benefit from payments already made, improvements to the property, and potential appreciation, giving them an opportunity to sell the property at a higher value.

HOW ARE UTILITIES AND INSURANCE HANDLED?

We transfer utilities to our name and replace the seller’s current insurance policy with one that includes the seller as an additional insured party, ensuring comprehensive coverage. Additionally, we insure the property with a landlord policy at closing, so that if the tenants damage the property, this policy will provide coverage.

IS SUBJECT-TO LEGAL?

Yes, acquiring property "subject-to" existing financing is legal. Legal precedents and federal regulations, including the Garn-St. Germain Act, support its validity. It’s a recognized method of property transfer, offering flexibility for both buyers and sellers.

Is "SubTo" Legal? Here's What You Need to Know​

Yes, acquiring property “subject to” the existing financing (commonly known as “SubTo”) is legal.
However, understanding the legal nuances is crucial. Here’s an overview based on key rulings and regulations:

Important Points to Consider:

U.S. Supreme Court Ruling:

The Supreme Court clarified that transferring property ownership without notifying the lender is not fraudulent. (Field v. Mans, 1995. S.Ct.207).

Field v. Mans (516 U.S. 59, 1995):

This case highlighted that lenders can easily verify property transfers through public records. If the lender wasn’t informed about a due-on-sale clause violation, it doesn’t constitute fraud.

Medovoi v. American Savings & Loan (1979):

This case established that buyers are not legally required to notify lenders about a property transfer, and lenders cannot sue buyers for failing to do so.

Misunderstanding the "Due-On-Sale" Clause:

Transferring property title with a “due-on-sale” mortgage is not illegal. There’s a common misconception that violating this clause is a criminal offense—it’s not. Violating a “due-on-sale” clause does not result in legal penalties like jail time.

Garn-St. Germain Act:

This federal law allows lenders to enforce the “due-on-sale” clause but also provides exceptions. These exceptions include property transfers related to marriage, divorce, or lien creation, among others.

Federal Home Loan Bank Board:

Now replaced by the Office of Thrift Supervision (1989), this board clarified that the Garn-St. Germain Act primarily applies to owner-occupied homes.

Conclusion

The legality of “SubTo” is well-established, supported by Supreme Court rulings and federal laws. While the “due-on-sale” clause gives lenders certain rights, its violation is a civil matter, not a criminal one. For a seamless property transaction, it’s always advisable to consult legal professionals who specialize in real estate law. This explanation ensures clarity and confidence for anyone exploring “SubTo” as a real estate strategy.

Mirror Wrap / Wrap Around Financing FAQ Guide

For Sellers:

What is Mirror Wrap / Wrap Around Financing?

Mirror Wrap or Wrap Around financing is a creative real estate strategy where the seller acts as the lender, allowing the buyer to make payments directly to the traditional mortgage lender. The seller maintains the existing mortgage while creating a new financing arrangement with the buyer.

1] Existing Mortgage Terms: Existing terms on the mortgage such as loan balance, interest rate, maturity are copied/mirrored onto this new "Wrap Note."

Who makes the mortgage payments?

According to the new promissory note that gets signed at closing, the buyer would be responsible for making the mortgage payments moving forward directly to the underlying lender. If the monthly payments change in the future due to an increase or decrease in the taxes or insurance, the buyer would still be responsible for it. If the buyer fails to make payments for 30 days, the seller will have an option to take the property back from the buyer, thereby keeping all the proceeds, added equity, and appreciation of the property.

What is the process?

1] Faster Sale: It can expedite the sale process as it bypasses the need for bank approval, extensive paperwork, and appraisal contingencies.

2] Increased Protection: At closing, a performance deed is executed by the buyer, protecting the seller's interest in the property and providing them with a vendor's lien in certain states. These documents are drafted by third-party attorneys to ensure sellers are legally protected. We work with local attorneys in each state to draft the appropriate legal paperwork that complies with local laws and regulations.

3] Foreclosure Option: Closing paperwork is structured to allow the seller to foreclose on the property within 30 days of default (non-payment). In some cases, the seller may be able to take the property back without needing to go through the foreclosure process. This ensures that the seller retains all proceeds, including the equity they are paid at closing, as well as any appreciation accumulated during the loan term, providing a significant benefit in the event of buyer default.

How does Mirror Wrap / Wrap Around Financing Benefit Me as a Seller?

1] Savings on Expenses: Mirror Wrap or Wrap Around financing can save a lot of expenses in the seller's pocket compared to a traditional offer. In these creative offers, we save some/all of the buyer's agent commission, typically around 3% in a traditional sale, plus we pay all the closing costs which can save up to 1% in the seller's pocket. Overall, netting them more cash in their pocket compared to any traditional offer.

2] Second Lien Protection: Seller would be in 2nd lien on the property, thereby they would be protected as a lender.

3] Retained Equity and Appreciation: By having the ability to reclaim the property within 30 days of default, the seller retains added equity and appreciation throughout the remainder of the loan term while keeping all the equity paid to them at closing.

4] DTI Concerns: If the seller is worried about their Debt-to-Income (DTI) ratio or needing to qualify for another mortgage, a mirror wrap would allow underwriters to qualify the seller for another property without the long seasoning period (12 months of loan servicing payments through a third-party servicing company) that are common in subject-to transactions. This off-sets the DTI by 100%. Some lenders may require showing 12 months of loan servicing payments through a third-party to wash the DTI off. If the seller needs to purchase a home IMMEDIATELY, we can also implement a lease purchase that the new lender would be able to qualify those payments towards the DTI. We can refer sellers to lenders experienced in handling these transactions.

5] Avoiding Due on Sale Clause: Implementing a mirror wrap or wraparound financing may trigger the 'Due on Sale' clause in the original mortgage. To mitigate this risk, we close all transactions under a land trust with documents prepared by experienced land trust attorneys. Our title attorneys, with over 20 years of experience and thousands of successful closings nationwide, ensure all precautions are taken before closing. To date, we have not had a single due on sale clause invoked. In over 8,000 transactions handled by our title attorneys, this clause was triggered only five times, all due to parties failing to follow attorney instructions. Additionally, we have attorneys available who can assist in reversing the note being called if such a situation ever arises.

Risks for Sellers:​

1] Default Risk: There is a risk of the buyer defaulting on payments, which could lead to foreclosure proceedings. To mitigate this risk, we structure the closing paperwork in a way that seller gets to take control of the property back from the buyer upon 30days of default (non-payments), keep all the proceeds, added equity and appreciation before it starts hurting their credit/ lender starts foreclosure proceedings on the
property.

2] Interest Rate Risk: If the seller has an adjustable-rate mortgage (ARM), they may be exposed to fluctuations in interest rates. We prefer fixed interest rates to avoid this issue.

3] Due on Sale Risk: Implementing a mirror wrap or wraparound financing may trigger the ‘Due on Sale’ clause in the original mortgage agreement, potentially requiring the full loan balance to be paid. However, we have multiple steps in place to mitigate and resolve this risk. If the land trust does not work, we can transition the sale into a lease purchase transaction to help reverse the note being called due. Alternatively, we have attorneys available who can assist in reversing the note being called due if such a situation arises. Ultimately, if all else fails, we can sell or refinance the property. If the note gets called, the seller would simply need to notify the buyer immediately to ensure the situation is resolved promptly. It is important to note that resolving this issue would ultimately be the buyer’s responsibility, not the seller’s.

Disclaimer: This FAQ guide is for informational and educational purposes only and does not constitute legal or financial advice. It is recommended to consult with qualified professionals before entering into any real estate transaction.